Ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwamasistimu okugcina amandla okwamanje buhlanganisa zonke izici zomzila wenani lamandla, okuhlanganisa ukuphehlwa kwamandla amakhulu okujwayelekile, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla avuselelekayo, ukudluliswa kwamandla, amanethiwekhi okusabalalisa, nokuphathwa kwamandla ekugcineni komsebenzisi. Ezisetshenziswa ezingokoqobo, amasistimu okugcina amandla adinga ukuxhuma amandla kagesi aphansi e-DC awakhiqiza ngokuqondile ku-voltage ye-AC ephezulu yegridi yamandla ngama-inverter. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-inverter nawo ayadingeka ukugcina imvamisa yegridi uma kwenzeka ukuphazamiseka kwemvamisa, ukuze kuzuzwe ukuxhumana kwegridi yezinhlelo zokugcina amandla. Njengamanje, amanye amazwe akhiphe izidingo ezijwayelekile ezifanele zamasistimu okugcina amandla axhumeke kugridi nama-inverter. Phakathi kwazo, amasistimu ajwayelekile axhunywe kugridi akhishwe yi-United States, Germany, ne-Italy ahlanganisa konke, okuzokwethulwa ngokuningiliziwe ngezansi.
I-the united states
Ngo-2003, i-Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) yase-United States yakhipha indinganiso ye-IEEE1547, okwakuyindinganiso yokuqala yokusatshalaliswa kwegridi yamandla. Ngokulandelayo, uchungechunge lwezindinganiso lwe-IEEE 1547 (IEEE 1547.1~IEEE 1547.9) lwakhululwa, kwasungulwa uhlelo olujwayelekile lobuchwepheshe bokuxhumana kwegridi. Incazelo yamandla asabalalisiwe e-United States iye yanda kancane kancane isuka ekuphehleni amandla alula asakazwa yaya endaweni yokugcina amandla, impendulo yesidingo, ukusebenza kahle kwamandla, izimoto zikagesi kanye neminye imikhakha. Njengamanje, amasistimu okugcina amandla axhumeke kugridi nama-inverter athunyelwa e-United States adinga ukuhlangabezana namazinga e-IEEE 1547 kanye ne-IEEE 1547.1, okuyizidingo eziyisisekelo zokungena emakethe yase-US.
| Inombolo evamile. | Igama |
| IEEE 1547:2018 | I-IEEE Izinga Lokuxhumaniseka Nokusebenzisana Kwezinsiza Zamandla Asatshalalisiwe NeziNhlangano Ezihlanganisiwe Zesistimu Yamandla Kagesi |
| IEEE 1547.1:2020 | Izinqubo Zokuhlola Ukuvumelana Okujwayelekile kwe-IEEE Kwezisetshenziswa Ezixhumanisa Izisetshenziswa Zamandla Asatshalaliswa Ngamasistimu Amandla Kagesi kanye Nezinhlaka Ezihlangene Ezihambisanayo |
iyuniyani yase-Europe
I-EU Regulation 2016/631Ukusungula Ikhodi Yenethiwekhi Ezimfuneko Zokuxhunywa Kwegridi Yamajeneretha (NC RfG) ibeka izidingo zokuxhunywa kwegridi yezinsiza zokuphehla ugesi njengamamojula okukhiqiza amandla ahambisanayo, amamojula wesifunda samandla kanye namamojula wesifunda samandla angasogwini ukuze kuzuzwe uhlelo oluxhumene. Phakathi kwazo, i-EN 50549-1/-2 iyindinganiso efanele edidiyelwe yomthethonqubo. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi yize uhlelo lokugcina amandla lungangeni ngaphakathi kobubanzi bokusetshenziswa komthethonqubo we-RfG, lufakiwe kububanzi bokusetshenziswa kochungechunge lwe-EN 50549 lwamazinga. Njengamanje, izinhlelo zokugcina amandla ezixhunywe kugridi ezingena emakethe ye-EU ngokuvamile zidinga ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zamazinga we-EN 50549-1/-2, kanye nezinye izidingo zamazwe afanelekile e-EU.
| Inombolo evamile. | Igama | Ububanzi Besicelo |
| EN 50549-1:2019+A1:2023 | (Izimfuneko zezitshalo zikagesi ezixhunywe ngokuhambisana namanethiwekhi okusabalalisa - Ingxenye 1: Ukuxhumana namanethiwekhi okusabalalisa amandla kagesi aphansi - Izitshalo zamandla zohlobo B nangaphansi) | Izidingo zokuxhunywa kwegridi yoHlobo B nangaphansi (800W＜amandla≤6MW) okukhiqiza ugesi oxhunywe kunethiwekhi yokusabalalisa i-low-voltage |
| EN 50549-2:2019 | (Izimfuneko zezitshalo zikagesi ezixhunywe ngokuhambisana namanethiwekhi okusabalalisa - Ingxenye 2: Ukuxhumana namanethiwekhi okusabalalisa kagesi aphakathi nendawo - Izitshalo zamandla zohlobo B nangaphezulu) | Izidingo zokuxhunywa kwegridi yoHlobo B nangaphezulu (800W＜amandla≤6MW) okukhiqiza ugesi oxhunywe kunethiwekhi yokusabalalisa kagesi ophakathi |
EJalimane
Ekuqaleni kuka-2000, iJalimane yamemezela i-Umthetho Wamandla Avuselelekayo(EEG), kanye ne-German Energy Economics and Water Management Association (BDEW) babe sebebumba imihlahlandlela yokuxhuma igridi ye-medium-voltage esekelwe ku-EEG. Njengoba imihlahlandlela yokuxhuma igridi ibeka phambili izidingo ezijwayelekile kuphela, i-German Wind Energy and Other Renewable Energy Development Association (FGW) kamuva yakha uchungechunge lwamazinga obuchwepheshe TR1~TR8 asekelwe ku-EEG. Ngemva kwalokho,EJalimane ikhiphe entshauhleloyomhlahlandlela wokuxhuma igridi kagesi ophakathi nendawo i-VDE-AR-N 4110:2018 ngo-2018 ngokuhambisana nemithetho ye-EU RfG, esikhundleni somhlahlandlela wokuqala we-BDEW.I imodeli yesitifiketi yalo mhlahlandlela ihlanganisa izingxenye ezintathu: uhlobo lokuhlola, ukuqhathanisa imodeli futhi izitifiketi, ezisetshenziswa ngokuhambisana namazinga TR3, TR4 kanye TR8 akhishiwe ngu FGW. Ngobai-voltage ephezuluizidingo zokuxhuma igridi,I-VDE-AR-N-4120izolandelwa.
| Iziqondiso | Ububanzi Besicelo |
| I-VDE-AR-N 4105:2018 | Isebenza kumathuluzi okukhiqiza amandla nezinto zokugcina amandla ezixhunywe kugridi yamandla kagesi aphansi (≤1kV), noma enamandla angaphansi kuka-135kW. Iyasebenza nasezinhlelweni zokuphehla ugesi ezinamandla angu-135kW noma ngaphezulu kodwa isisetshenziswa esiphehla ugesi esisodwa esingaphansi kuka-30kW. |
| I-VDE-AR-N 4110:2023 | Isebenza empahleni yokuphehla ugesi, okokugcina amandla, okokusebenza kwesidingo samandla, kanye neziteshi zokushaja izimoto zikagesi ezixhunywe kugridi kagesi ophakathi nendawo (1kV＜V＜60kV) enamandla axhunywe kugridi angu-135kW nangaphezulu. |
| I-VDE-AR-N 4120:2018 | Isebenza ezinhlelweni zokuphehla ugesi, okokugcina amandla kanye neziteshi zokushaja izimoto zikagesi ezixhunywe kumagridi anamandla kagesi aphezulu (60kV≤V＜150kV). |
Italy
I-Italian Electrotechnical Commission (COMITATO ELETTROTECNICO ITALIANO, CEI) ikhiphe amazinga ahambisanayo esitifiketi se-low-voltage, medium-voltage kanye ne-high-voltage yezidingo zokuxhuma igridi yesistimu yokugcina amandla, ezisebenza kumadivayisi okugcina amandla axhunywe ohlelweni lwamandla lwase-Italy. Lawa mazinga amabili okwamanje ayizidingo zokungena zamasistimu okugcina amandla axhumeke kugridi e-Italy.
| Inombolo evamile. | Igama | Ububanzi Besicelo |
| CEI 0-21;V1:2022 | Ireferensi yemithetho yezobuchwepheshe yokuxhuma abasebenzisi abasebenzayo nabangenzi lutho ezindaweni zamandla kagesi aphansi | Isebenza kubasebenzisi ukuxhuma kunethiwekhi yokusabalalisa ene-voltage ephansi ye-AC elinganiselwe (≤1kV) |
| CEI 0-16:2022 | Ireferensi yemithetho yezobuchwepheshe yabasebenzisi abasebenzayo nabangenzi lutho ukufinyelela amagridi kagesi kagesi aphezulu naphakathi ezinkampanini zokusabalalisa) | Isebenza kubasebenzisi abaxhunywe kunethiwekhi yokusabalalisa ene-voltage elinganiselwe ye-AC yamandla kagesi aphakathi nendawo noma aphezulu (1kV~150kV) |
Amanye amazwe e-EU
Izidingo zokuxhunywa kwegridi kwamanye amazwe e-EU ngeke zichazwe lapha, futhi kuzofakwa kuhlu kuphela izindinganiso ezifanele zesitifiketi.
| Izwe | Izimfuneko |
| EBelgium | C10/11Izidingo ezithize zokuxhunywa kwezobuchwepheshe ezikhungweni zokukhiqiza ezihlukaniselwe izindawo ezisebenza ngokuhambisana nenethiwekhi yokusabalalisa.
Izidingo zobuchwepheshe eziqondile zokuxhunywa kwezindawo zokukhiqiza ezihlukaniselwe amazwe ezisebenza ngokufana kunethiwekhi yokusabalalisa amandla |
| E-Romania | Inombolo ye-ANRE. 30/2013-Technical Norm-Technical Izidingo zokuxhuma izitshalo zamandla e-photovoltaic kunethiwekhi kagesi yomphakathi; Inombolo ye-ANRE. 51/2009- Izidingo Zezobuchwepheshe Ezijwayelekile-Zobuchwepheshe zokuxhuma izitshalo zamandla omoya kunethiwekhi kagesi yomphakathi;
Inombolo ye-ANRE. 29/2013-Technical Norm-Addendum to Technical Izidingo zokuxhuma izimboni zamandla omoya kunethiwekhi yomphakathi kagesi
|
| eSwitzerland | NA/EEA-CH, Izilungiselelo Zezwe Switzerland |
| I-Slovenia | I-SONDO ne-SONDSEE (imithetho kazwelonke yaseSlovenia yokuxhuma nokusebenza kwamajeneretha kunethiwekhi yokusabalalisa) |
China
I-China iqale sekwephuzile ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe obuxhunywe kugridi yesistimu yokugcina amandla. Njengamanje, amazinga kazwelonke ohlelo lokugcinwa kwamandla okuxhunywe kugridi ayakhiwa futhi ayakhululwa. Kukholakala ukuthi uhlelo olujwayelekile oluxhumeke kugridi luzokwakhiwa esikhathini esizayo.
| Okujwayelekile | Igama | Qaphela |
| I-GB/T 36547-2018 | Imithetho yezobuchwepheshe yokuxhunywa kweziteshi zamandla okugcina amandla e-electrochemical kugridi yamandla | I-GB/T 36547-2024 izosetshenziswa ngoDisemba 2024 futhi izongena esikhundleni salolu hlobo |
| I-GB/T 36548-2018 | Izinqubo zokuhlola zeziteshi zamandla esitoreji samandla e-electrochemical ezizoxhunywa kugridi yamandla | I-GB/T 36548-2024 izosetshenziswa ngoJanuwari 2025 futhi izongena esikhundleni salolu hlobo |
| I-GB/T 43526-2023 | Imithetho yezobuchwepheshe yokuxhuma isistimu yokulondoloza amandla e-electrochemical ohlangothini lomsebenzisi kunethiwekhi yokusabalalisa | Iqale ukusetshenziswa ngoJulayi 2024 |
| I-GB/T 44113-2024 | Ukucaciswa kokuphathwa okuxhunywe kugridi yezinhlelo zokugcina amandla e-electrochemical ohlangothini lomsebenzisi | Iqale ukusetshenziswa ngoDisemba 2024 |
| GB/T XXXXX | Ukucaciswa okujwayelekile kokuphepha kwamasistimu okugcina amandla axhumeke kugridi | Ireferensi ye-IEC TS 62933-5-1:2017(MOD) |
Isifinyezo
Ubuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla buyingxenye engenakugwemeka yenguquko eya ekukhiqizeni amandla avuselelekayo, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zokugcina amandla axhunywe kugridi kuyakhula ngesivinini, okulindeleke ukuthi kudlale indima enkulu kumagridi azayo. Njengamanje, amazwe amaningi azokhipha izidingo zokuxhuma kugridi ezihambisanayo ngokusekelwe esimweni sawo sangempela. Kubakhiqizi besistimu yokugcina amandla, kuyadingeka ukuqonda ngokugcwele izimfuneko ezihambisanayo zokufinyelela emakethe ngaphambi kokuklama imikhiqizo, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane ngokunembe kakhudlwana nezimfuneko zokulawula zendawo yokuthumela ngaphandle, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuhlolwa komkhiqizo, nokubeka imikhiqizo ngokushesha emakethe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-14-2024