Ingemuva

Amabhethri e-lithium-ion asetshenziswe kabanzi njengamabhethri aphinde ashajwe kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1990s ngenxa yomthamo wawo ophezulu obuyiselekayo kanye nokuzinza komjikelezo. Ngokukhula okukhulu kwentengo ye-lithium kanye nesidingo esikhulayo se-lithium nezinye izingxenye eziyisisekelo zamabhethri e-lithium-ion, ukushoda okwandayo kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ezikhuphukayo zamabhethri e-lithium kusiphoqa ukuthi sihlole amasistimu e-electrochemical amasha nashibhile asekelwe ezintweni eziningi ezikhona. . Amabhethri e-sodium-ion abiza kancane ayindlela engcono kakhulu. Ibhethri ye-sodium ion cishe yatholakala kanye nebhethri ye-lithium-ion, kodwa ngenxa yobubanzi bayo obukhulu be-ion namandla aphansi, abantu bathambekele kakhulu ekutadisheni ugesi we-lithium, futhi ucwaningo lwebhethri ye-sodium-ion lucishe lwamiswa. Ngokukhula okusheshayo kwezimoto zikagesi kanye nemboni yokugcina amandla eminyakeni yamuva, ibhethri ye-sodium-ion, eye yahlongozwa ngesikhathi esifanayo nebhethri ye-lithium-ion, iphinde yakhanga abantu.'s ukunakwa.

I-lithium, i-sodium ne-potassium zonke izinsimbi ze-alkali kuthebula le-periodic lezinto. Zinezici ezifanayo zomzimba namakhemikhali futhi zingasetshenziswa njengezinto zebhethri yesibili ngokombono. Imithombo ye-sodium inothe kakhulu, isatshalaliswa kabanzi kuqweqwe loMhlaba futhi kulula ukuyikhipha. Njengengxenye ye-lithium, i-sodium iye yanakwa kakhulu emkhakheni webhethri. Ibhethriumkhiqizisqhuqhaukwethula umzila wobuchwepheshe webhethri le-sodium-ion.Imibono Eqondisayo Ngokusheshisa Ukuthuthukiswa Kwesitoreji Samandla Esisha, Uhlelo Lwesayensi Nobuchwepheshe Lokusungula Emkhakheni Wamandla phakathi Nenkathi Yohlelo Lweminyaka Eyi-14 Yeminyaka Emihlanu, futhiUkuqaliswa Kohlelo Lokuthuthukiswa Kwesitoreji Esisha Samandla Phakathi Nenkathi Yohlelo Lweminyaka Eyi-14 Yeminyaka Emihlanuekhishwe yiKhomishana Kazwelonke Yokuthuthukiswa Nezinguquko kanye Nokuphathwa Kwezamandla Kazwelonke bakhulume ukuthuthukisa isizukulwane esisha sobuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla obusebenza kahle njengamabhethri e-sodium-ion. I-Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) iphinde yakhuthaza amabhethri amasha, njengamabhethri e-sodium-ion, njenge-ballast yokuthuthukisa imboni yamandla entsha. Izindinganiso zemboni zamabhethri e-sodium-ion nazo ziyasebenza. Kulindeleke ukuthi njengoba imboni ikhulisa ukutshalwa kwezimali, ubuchwepheshe buvuthwa futhi uchungechunge lwezimboni luthuthukiswa kancane kancane, ibhethri ye-sodium-ion esebenza ngezindleko eziphakeme kulindeleke ukuthi ithathe ingxenye yemakethe yebhethri ye-lithium-ion.

Ibhethri ye-sodium-ion ngokumelene nebhethri ye-lithium-ion

• I-electrode eyi-carbon negative yebhethri ye-sodium-ion inezindleko eziphansi kanye nesikhala esikhulu sokushintsha kuneso segraphite.
• I-Aluminium foil ingasetshenziswa njengomqoqi wamanje we-electrode enhle nengalungile yamabhethri e-sodium-ion. Amabhethri e-lithium-ion anamandla aphansi angalungile futhi kufanele asebenzise i-copper foil engagqwalile. Amabhethri e-sodium-ion, ngakolunye uhlangothi, anamandla aphezulu angalungile, ngakho awahlanganisi ne-sodium. Ucwecwe lwe-aluminium luncane ngesisindo futhi lubiza kune-copper foil.
• Ku-electrolyte, ukuncibilika kwe-Na⁺ cishe ingaphansi ngo-30% kunaleyo ye-Li⁺. Izinga lokuqedwa liphezulu, futhi ukumelana nokudlulisa ukushaja ku-electrode - isikhombimsebenzisi se-electrolyte sincane, esihlinzeka nge-electrode dynamics engcono. Ngakho-ke, izinga lokukhishwa kwenkokhelo ye-sodium-ion liphezulu ekushiseni okuphezulu nokushisa okuphansi, futhi ukusebenza okuphansi kwezinga lokushisa kuhle kakhulu, futhi kungashajwa ngokushesha.
• Amabhethri e-sodium-ion anokukhethwa okubanzi kwezinto ezibonakalayo ze-electrode. Cishe zonke izakhi zensimbi zoguquko kumugqa wokuqala wethebula le-periodic zingasetshenziswa kumabhethri e-sodium-ion. Lokhu kungenxa yomehluko omkhulu kasayizi phakathi kukaNa⁺ (irediyasi engu-0.102nm) nama-ion ensimbi enguquko (irediyasi engu-0.05-0.07nm), ehambisana nokuhlukaniswa kwawo.
• Ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwebhethri le-sodium-ion kuphakeme kunokwebhethri ye-lithium-ion. Endabeni yesifunda esifushane, ukushisa okuphuthumayo kuncane, ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa kuhamba kancane futhi izinga lokushisa elishisayo liphakeme kunebhethri ye-lithium, ngakho-ke ibhethri ye-sodium-ion iphephile.
• Irediyasi enkulu ye-sodium-ion ingase iholele ekuqhekekeni kwempahla uma ikhishwa ezintweni ze-electrode, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukusebenza kwe-kinetic kukonke kwebhethri nobuqotho be-electrode.
• I-sodium inamandla aphakeme kakhulu e-electrode (i-0.33V ephakeme kune-lithium), okuholela ekunciphiseni kwamandla futhi kwenza kube nzima ukuncintisana namabhethri e-lithium-ion emkhakheni wamandla.

Inqubekelaphambili yocwaningo lwakamuva

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ucwaningo lwamabhethri e-sodium-ion luhlanganisa izinto ezithuthukisiwe ze-cathode ezingenayo i-cobalt zamabhethri e-sodium-ion, i-polyanionic sulfate ebiza kancane ye-electrode enhle yamabhethri e-sodium-ion, i-nano-pb compounds esetshenziswa ku-electrode enhle ye-sodium. -amabhethri e-ion, ucwaningo oluyisisekelo ngezinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-organic anode zamabhethri e-sodium-ion ekusetshenzisweni okungenzeka kwezentengiselwano, i-tin-based metal oxides nama-sulfide asetshenziswa njengezinto ze-anode zamabhethri e-sodium-ion, i-Nanoengineering yezinto ezithuthukisiwe ze-carbon kumabhethri e-sodium-ion, kanye nokusetshenziswa ye-Advanced in situ characterization ocwaningweni lwamabhethri e-sodium-ion. Ngokuvamile, kuseyi-hotspot yocwaningo ukuthola ukusebenza okuphezulu kwezinto ezisebenza kahle nezingezinhle zama-electrode ezicini zokuthuthukisa izindlela zokuguqula, ukuthuthukisa izindlela zokulungiselela kanye nokuhlola indlela yokugcina isodium ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuncintisana okuphelele kwamabhethri e-sodium-ion.