Uhlolojikelele lwentuthuko yeI-electrolyte yebhethri ye-lithium,
I-electrolyte yebhethri ye-lithium,

▍ Isitifiketi se-MIC saseVietnam

I-Circular 42/2016/TT-BTTTT ibalule ukuthi amabhethri afakwe kumaselula, amathebulethi kanye nezincwadi zokubhalela awavunyelwe ukuthunyelwa e-Vietnam ngaphandle uma engaphansi kwesitifiketi se-DoC kusukela ngo-Oct.1,2016. I-DoC kuyodingeka futhi ukuthi ihlinzeke lapho kufakwa Ukugunyazwa Kohlobo lwemikhiqizo yokugcina (omakhalekhukhwini, amaphilisi namathebulethi).

I-MIC ikhiphe i-Circular 04/2018/TT-BTTTT entsha ngoMeyi, 2018 ebeka ukuthi awusekho umbiko we-IEC 62133:2012 okhishwe ilabhorethri egunyazwe phesheya owamukelwa ngoJulayi 1, 2018. Ukuhlolwa kwendawo kuyadingeka ngenkathi ufaka isicelo sesitifiketi se-ADoC.

▍ Izinga Lokuhlola

I-QCVN101:2016/BTTT(bheka i-IEC 62133:2012)

▍PQIR

Uhulumeni wase-Vietnamese ukhiphe isimemezelo esisha No. 74/2018 / ND-CP ngoMeyi 15, 2018 ukuze sicacise ukuthi izinhlobo ezimbili zemikhiqizo engeniswe e-Vietnam zingaphansi kwesicelo se-PQIR (Product Quality Inspection Registration) lapho ilethwa e-Vietnam.

Ngokusekelwe kulo mthetho, i-Ministry of Information and Communication (MIC) yase-Vietnam ikhiphe idokhumenti esemthethweni ethi 2305/BTTTT-CVT ngoJulayi 1, 2018, ecacisa ukuthi imikhiqizo engaphansi kolawulo lwayo (okuhlanganisa namabhethri) kufanele ifakwe isicelo se-PQIR lapho ilethwa ngaphandle. eVietnam. I-SDoC izolethwa ukuze kuphothulwe inqubo yokugunyazwa kwentela engenayo. Idethi esemthethweni yokuqala ukusebenza kwalo mthethonqubo umhla ziyi-10 kuNcwaba, 2018. I-PQIR isetshenziswa ekungeniseni okukodwa e-Vietnam, okungukuthi, ngaso sonke isikhathi uma ongenisa impahla evela kwamanye amazwe engenisa impahla, uzofaka isicelo se-PQIR (ukuhlolwa kweqoqo) + SDoC.

Nokho, kubangenisi abaphuthuma ukuletha izimpahla ngaphandle kwe-SDOC, i-VNTA izoqinisekisa okwesikhashana i-PQIR futhi yenze kube lula ukuvunyelwa kwentela. Kodwa abathenga kwamanye amazwe kudingeka bathumele i-SDoC kwa-VNTA ukuze baqedele lonke uhlelo lokugunyazwa kwentela phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-15 zokusebenza ngemva kokuvunyelwa kwentela. (I-VNTA ngeke isakhipha i-ADOC yangaphambilini esebenza kuphela kubakhi bendawo base-Vietnam)

▍Kungani i-MCM?

● Ukwabelana ngolwazi lwakamuva

● Umsunguli-munye welabhorethri yokuhlola ibhethri ye-Quacert

I-MCM ngaleyo ndlela iba ukuphela komenzeli wale lebhu e-Mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau naseTaiwan.

● Isevisi ye-Ejensi yokuma eyodwa

I-MCM, i-ejensi ekahle yokuma okukodwa, ihlinzeka ngokuhlolwa, izitifiketi kanye nesevisi ye-ejenti kumakhasimende.

Ngo-1800, isazi sefilosofi sase-Italy u-A. Volta wakha inqwaba ye-voltaic, eyavula ukuqala kwamabhethri asebenzayo futhi yachaza ngokokuqala ngqa ukubaluleka kwe-electrolyte kumadivayisi okugcina amandla e-electrochemical. I-electrolyte ingabonakala njengesendlalelo se-electronic insulating kanye ne-ion-conducting ngendlela ewuketshezi noma eqinile, efakwe phakathi kwama-electrode angalungile kanye nama-positive. Njengamanje, i-electrolyte ethuthuke kakhulu yenziwa ngokuncibilikisa usawoti we-lithium oqinile (isb. Njengokwefomu leseli elijwayelekile kanye nomklamo, i-electrolyte ngokuvamile ithatha u-8% kuya ku-15% wesisindo seseli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvutha kwayo kanye nezinga lokushisa elilungile lokusebenza lika -10°C kuya ku-60°C kuphazamisa kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kokuminyana kwamandla ebhethri nokuphepha. Ngakho-ke, ukwakheka okusha kwe-electrolyte kuthathwa njengokuvula amandla okubalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwesizukulwane esilandelayo samabhethri amasha.Abacwaningi futhi basebenzela ukuthuthukisa amasistimu e-electrolyte ahlukene. Isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kwezinyibilikisi ezine-fluorinated ezingafinyelela ukusebenza kahle kwe-lithium metal cycling, i-organic or inorganic solid electrolyte eyinzuzo embonini yezimoto kanye "namabhethri e-solid state" (SSB). Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi uma i-electrolyte eqinile ithatha indawo ye-electrolyte yokuqala yoketshezi kanye ne-diaphragm, ukuphepha, ukuminyana kwamandla kanye nempilo yebhethri kungathuthukiswa kakhulu. Okulandelayo, sifingqa ngokuyinhloko inqubekelaphambili yocwaningo lwama-electrolyte aqinile ngezinto ezihlukene.Ama-electrolyte aqinile e-Inorganic asetshenziswe kumishini yokugcina amandla kagesi we-electrochemical, njengamabhethri athile ashisekayo ashisekayo aphezulu i-Na-S, amabhethri e-Na-NiCl2 kanye namabhethri ayinhloko we-Li-I2. . Emuva ngo-2019, u-Hitachi Zosen (Japan) wabonisa ibhethri lesikhwama sesikhwama esiqinile esingu-140 mAh elizosetshenziswa emkhathini futhi lihlolwe ku-International Space Station (ISS). Leli bhethri lakhiwe i-sulfide electrolyte nezinye izingxenye zebhethri ezingadalulwanga, ezikwazi ukusebenza phakathi kuka -40°C no-100°C. Ngo-2021 inkampani yethula ibhethri eliqinile elisezingeni eliphakeme elingu-1,000 mAh. U-Hitachi Zosen ubona isidingo samabhethri aqinile ezindaweni ezinokhahlo njengesikhala nemishini yezimboni esebenza endaweni evamile. Inkampani ihlela ukuphinda kabili umthamo webhethri ngo-2025. Kodwa kuze kube manje, awukho umkhiqizo webhethri wesimo esiqinile ongasetshenziswa ezimotweni zikagesi.