Uhlolojikelele lweE-USizidingo zokufinyelela emakethe zezimoto zikagesi,
E-US,

▍ Isitifiketi se-MIC saseVietnam

I-Circular 42/2016/TT-BTTTT ibalule ukuthi amabhethri afakwe kumaselula, amathebulethi kanye nezincwadi zokubhalela awavunyelwe ukuthunyelwa e-Vietnam ngaphandle uma engaphansi kwesitifiketi se-DoC kusukela ngo-Oct.1,2016. I-DoC kuyodingeka futhi ukuthi ihlinzeke lapho kufakwa Ukugunyazwa Kohlobo lwemikhiqizo yokugcina (omakhalekhukhwini, amaphilisi namathebulethi).

I-MIC ikhiphe i-Circular 04/2018/TT-BTTTT entsha ngoMeyi, 2018 ebeka ukuthi awusekho umbiko we-IEC 62133:2012 okhishwe ilabhorethri egunyazwe phesheya owamukelwa ngoJulayi 1, 2018. Ukuhlolwa kwendawo kuyadingeka ngenkathi ufaka isicelo sesitifiketi se-ADoC.

▍ Izinga Lokuhlola

I-QCVN101:2016/BTTT(bheka i-IEC 62133:2012)

▍PQIR

Uhulumeni wase-Vietnamese ukhiphe isimemezelo esisha No. 74/2018 / ND-CP ngoMeyi 15, 2018 ukuze sicacise ukuthi izinhlobo ezimbili zemikhiqizo engeniswe e-Vietnam zingaphansi kwesicelo se-PQIR (Product Quality Inspection Registration) lapho ilethwa e-Vietnam.

Ngokusekelwe kulo mthetho, i-Ministry of Information and Communication (MIC) yase-Vietnam ikhiphe idokhumenti esemthethweni ethi 2305/BTTTT-CVT ngoJulayi 1, 2018, ecacisa ukuthi imikhiqizo engaphansi kolawulo lwayo (okuhlanganisa namabhethri) kufanele ifakwe isicelo se-PQIR lapho ilethwa ngaphandle. eVietnam. I-SDoC izolethwa ukuze kuphothulwe inqubo yokugunyazwa kwentela engenayo. Idethi esemthethweni yokuqala ukusebenza kwalo mthethonqubo umhla ziyi-10 kuNcwaba, 2018. I-PQIR isetshenziswa ekungeniseni okukodwa e-Vietnam, okungukuthi, ngaso sonke isikhathi uma ongenisa impahla evela kwamanye amazwe engenisa impahla, uzofaka isicelo se-PQIR (ukuhlolwa kweqoqo) + SDoC.

Nokho, kubangenisi abaphuthuma ukuletha izimpahla ngaphandle kwe-SDOC, i-VNTA izoqinisekisa okwesikhashana i-PQIR futhi yenze kube lula ukuvunyelwa kwentela. Kodwa abathenga kwamanye amazwe kudingeka bathumele i-SDoC kwa-VNTA ukuze baqedele lonke uhlelo lokugunyazwa kwentela phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-15 zokusebenza ngemva kokuvunyelwa kwentela. (I-VNTA ngeke isakhipha i-ADOC yangaphambilini esebenza kuphela kubakhi bendawo base-Vietnam)

▍Kungani i-MCM?

● Ukwabelana ngolwazi lwakamuva

● Umsunguli-munye welabhorethri yokuhlola ibhethri ye-Quacert

I-MCM ngaleyo ndlela iba ukuphela komenzeli wale lebhu e-Mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau naseTaiwan.

● Isevisi ye-Ejensi yokuma eyodwa

I-MCM, i-ejensi ekahle yokuma okukodwa, ihlinzeka ngokuhlolwa, izitifiketi kanye nesevisi ye-ejenti kumakhasimende.

Uhulumeni wase-US usungule uhlelo lokufinyelela emakethe oluphelele futhi oluqinile lwezimoto. Ngokusekelwe kumgomo wokwethemba amabhizinisi, iminyango kahulumeni ayigadi zonke izinqubo zokunikeza izitifiketi nokuhlola. Umkhiqizi angakhetha indlela efanele yokwenza ukuziqinisekisa futhi amemezele ukuthi kuhlangabezana nezimfuneko zemithethonqubo. Umsebenzi oyinhloko kahulumeni ukugadwa kanye nokujezisa.Isistimu yokuqinisekisa imoto yase-US ihlanganisa lezi zitifiketi ezilandelayo:
Isitifiketi se-DOT: Kubandakanya ukuphepha kwemoto, ukonga amandla kanye nokulwa nobugebengu. Ilawulwa kakhulu uMnyango Wezokuthutha wase-US / Ukuphathwa Kwezokuphepha Komgwaqo Kazwelonke onguthelawayeka. Abakhiqizi bezimoto bayamemezela ukuthi bayahlangabezana yini ne-Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) ngokuzihlola, futhi uhulumeni usebenzisa uhlelo lwesitifiketi sangemva kokugadwa.
Isitifiketi se-EPA: I-US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) yenza isitifiketi se-EPA ngaphansi kwegunya le-Clean Air Act. Isitifiketi se-EPA futhi sinezici eziningi zokuziqinisekisa. Isitifiketi sihloselwe kakhulu ukuvikela imvelo.
Isitifiketi se-CARB: I-CARB (i-California Air Resources Board) iyisifunda sokuqala e-US / emhlabeni ukukhipha amazinga okukhishwa kwezimoto. Ukungena kule makethe kudinga eminye yemithetho eqinile yezemvelo emhlabeni. Ezimotweni ezilungele ukuthunyelwa eCalifornia, abakhiqizi kufanele bathole isitifiketi esihlukile se-CARB.