Inkinga yoLwandle Olubomvu ingase iphazamise ukuthunyelwa kwemikhumbi emhlabeni wonke
Inkinga yoLwandle Olubomvu ingase iphazamiseukuthunyelwa komhlaba wonke,
ukuthunyelwa komhlaba wonke,
▍I-Compulsory Registration Scheme (CRS)
Kukhishwe i-Ministry of Electronics & Information TechnologyI-Electronics & Information Technology Izimpahla-Imfuneko Ye-oda Lokubhalisa Eliyimpoqo I- Yaziswa ngo-7thSeptember, 2012, futhi yaqala ukusebenza ngo-3rdOctober, 2013. Isidingo Sempahla Ye-Electronics Nolwazi Lobuchwepheshe Ukuze Ubhalise Okuyimpoqo, lokho ngokuvamile okubizwa ngokuthi isitifiketi se-BIS, empeleni kubizwa ngokuthi ukubhaliswa/nesitifiketi se-CRS. Yonke imikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi ekukhathalogi yomkhiqizo wokubhalisa okuyimpoqo ongeniswe e-India noma othengiswa emakethe yase-Indian kumele ibhaliswe ku-Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). NgoNovemba 2014, kwanezelwa izinhlobo eziyi-15 zemikhiqizo ebhalisiwe eyimpoqo. Izigaba ezintsha zifaka: omakhalekhukhwini, amabhethri, amabhange kagesi, izinto zikagesi, izibani ze-LED namatheminali okuthengisa, njll.
▍BIS Izinga Lokuhlola Ibhethri
Iseli/ibhethri yesistimu ye-nickel: IS 16046 (Ingxenye 1): 2018/ IEC62133-1: 2017
Iseli/ibhethri yesistimu ye-lithium: IS 16046 (Ingxenye 2): 2018/ IEC62133-2: 2017
Uhlamvu iseli/ibhethri ifakiwe ku-CRS.
▍Kungani i-MCM?
● Besigxile ekutholeni isitifiketi sase-India ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-5 futhi sisize iklayenti ukuthi lithole uhlamvu lwebhethri lokuqala lwe-BIS emhlabeni. Futhi sinolwazi olusebenzayo kanye nokuqoqwa kwezinsiza eziqinile emkhakheni wokunikeza izitifiketi ze-BIS.
● Ababeyizikhulu eziphezulu ze-Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) baqashwe njengabaxhumanisi bezitifiketi, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle kwamacala futhi kususwe ubungozi bokukhanselwa kwenombolo yokubhalisa.
● Sihlonyiswe ngamakhono aqinile abanzi okuxazulula izinkinga ekunikezeni isitifiketi, sihlanganisa izinsiza zomdabu e-India. I-MCM igcina ukuxhumana okuhle neziphathimandla ze-BIS ukuze inikeze amakhasimende ulwazi oluseqophelweni eliphezulu, lochwepheshe kanye nolwazi olugunyazwe kakhulu lwesitifiketi kanye nesevisi.
● Sisebenzela izinkampani eziholayo ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene futhi sizuza idumela elihle kulo mkhakha, okusenza sithembeke ngokujulile futhi sisekelwe amakhasimende.
ULwandle Olubomvu ukuphela kwendlela yokuthi imikhumbi ihambe phakathi kwe-Atlantic ne-Indian Ocean. Itholakala lapho kuhlangana khona amazwekazi amabili ase-Asia nase-Afrika. Umkhawulo wayo oseningizimu uxhuma uLwandle i-Arabian kanye noLwandlekazi i-Indian ngokusebenzisa i-Bab el-Mandeb Strait, kanti ukuphela kwayo enyakatho kuxhuma noLwandle iMedithera kanye nolwandle i-Atlantic Ocean ngokusebenzisa iSuez Canal. Umzila onqamula i-Bab el-Mandeb Strait, uLwandle Olubomvu kanye ne-Suez Canal ungomunye wemizila yemikhumbi ematasa kakhulu emhlabeni. I-Suez Canal kufanele okwamanje ibe umthambo omkhulu wezokuthutha emhlabeni, ikakhulukazi lapho iPanama Canal okwamanje ibhekene nokuntuleka okukhulu kwamanzi kanye nokunciphisa umthamo wokuzulazula. Njengomzila omkhulu wokuzulazula wemizila yase-Asia-Europe, Asia-Mediterranean, kanye ne-Asia-Eastern United States, i-Suez Canal, umthelela wayo ekuhwebeni komhlaba wonke nasekuthumeleni ngomkhumbi ubaluleke kakhulu. Ngokusho kwe-Neue Zürcher Zeitung, cishe u-12% wezimpahla zokuthutha zomhlaba zidlula oLwandle Olubomvu kanye ne-Suez Canal.
Selokhu kwaqubuka umjikelezo omusha wokungqubuzana kwe-Palestine-Israel, amabutho ahlomile ase-Yemen aseHouthi avame ukuhlasela u-Israyeli nge-missile kanye ne-drone ngesizathu "sokusekela i-Palestine" futhi elokhu ehlasela imikhumbi "ehlangene ne-Israel" oLwandle Olubomvu. Ngenxa yezindaba ezivame ukwanda zemikhumbi yezentengiselwano ehlaselwa eduze kwe-Red Sea-Mandeb Strait, iziqhwaga eziningi zemikhumbi emhlabeni wonke - iSwitzerland Mediterranean, iDanish Maersk, iFrench CMA CGM, iGerman Hapag-Lloyd, njll. zimemezele ukugwema iRed Umzila wasolwandle. Kusukela ngomhla ka-18 Disemba 2023, izinkampani ezinhlanu ezihamba phambili emhlabeni jikelele zemikhumbi zimemezele ukumiswa kokuhamba ngomkhumbi ku-Red Sea-Suez waterway. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-COSCO, i-Orient Overseas Shipping (OOCL) kanye ne-Evergreen Marine Corporation (EMC) baphinde bathi imikhumbi yabo yamabhokisi izomisa ukuhamba emanzini oLwandle Olubomvu. Kuleli qophelo, izinkampani ezinkulu zomhlaba ezithumela amakhonteyina seziqalile noma sezizomisa ukuhamba ngomkhumbi emzileni we-Red Sea-Suez.
Inkinga yoLwandle Olubomvu ikhawulele ukubhukha kuyo yonke imizila eya ngasentshonalanga e-East Asia, okuhlanganisa ukuya eMpumalanga Ephakathi, uLwandle Olubomvu, eNyakatho Afrika, uLwandle Olumnyama, empumalanga yeMedithera, entshonalanga yeMedithera nasenyakatho-ntshonalanga yeYurophu.
