Imithetho yokugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion ezindaweni ezahlukene
Imithethonqubo yokuvuselela kabusha amabhethri e-lithium-ion ezindaweni ezahlukene,
Amabhethri e-Lithium Ion,
▍BSMI Isingeniso Isingeniso se-BSMI
I-BSMI imfushane nge-Bureau of Standards, Metrology and Inspection, eyasungulwa ngo-1930 futhi yabizwa ngeNational Metrology Bureau ngaleso sikhathi. Kuyinhlangano ephakeme yokuhlola eRiphabhulikhi yaseShayina ephethe umsebenzi kumazinga kazwelonke, i-metrology nokuhlolwa komkhiqizo njll. Amazinga okuhlolwa kwezinto zikagesi e-Taiwan agunyazwa yi-BSMI. Imikhiqizo igunyaziwe ukusebenzisa ukumaka kwe-BSMI ezimeni lapho ithobelana nezidingo zokuphepha, ukuhlolwa kwe-EMC nokunye ukuhlola okuhlobene.
Izinto zikagesi kanye nemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi ihlolwa ngokwalezi zinhlelo ezintathu ezilandelayo: uhlobo olugunyazwe (T), ukubhaliswa kwesitifiketi somkhiqizo (R) kanye nesimemezelo sokuvumelana (D).
▍Liyini izinga le-BSMI?
Ngomhla zingama-20 kuNovemba 2013, kumenyezelwe yi-BSMI ukuthi kusuka ku-1st, Meyi 2014, iseli/ibhethri le-3C lesibili le-lithium, ibhange lamandla e-lithium yesibili kanye neshaja yebhethri engu-3C azivunyelwe ukufinyelela emakethe yase-Taiwan zize zihlolwe futhi zifaneleke ngokuya ngamazinga afanele (njengoba kuboniswe kuthebula elingezansi).
| Isigaba somkhiqizo sokuhlola | Ibhethri le-3C Lesibili Lithium elineseli eyodwa noma iphakethe (umumo wenkinobho awufakiwe) | I-3C Secondary Lithium Power Bank | Ishaja yebhethri ye-3C |
Amazwana: Inguqulo ye-CNS 15364 1999 isebenza kuze kube umhla zingama-30 kuMbasa 2014. Iseli, ibhethri kanye Iselula yenza ukuhlolwa komthamo kuphela nge-CNS14857-2 (inguqulo ka-2002).
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| Izinga Lokuhlola |
I-CNS 15364 (inguqulo ka-1999) I-CNS 15364 (inguqulo ka-2002) I-CNS 14587-2 (inguqulo ka-2002)
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I-CNS 15364 (inguqulo ka-1999) I-CNS 15364 (inguqulo ka-2002) I-CNS 14336-1 (inguqulo ka-1999) I-CNS 13438 (inguqulo ka-1995) I-CNS 14857-2 (inguqulo ka-2002)
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I-CNS 14336-1 (inguqulo ka-1999) I-CNS 134408 (inguqulo ka-1993) I-CNS 13438 (inguqulo ka-1995)
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| Imodeli Yokuhlola | I-RPC Model II kanye neModel III | I-RPC Model II kanye neModel III | I-RPC Model II kanye neModel III |
▍Kungani i-MCM?
● Ngo-2014, ibhethri ye-lithium ekwazi ukushajwa kabusha yaba isibopho e-Taiwan, futhi i-MCM yaqala ukunikeza ulwazi lwakamuva mayelana nesitifiketi se-BSMI kanye nesevisi yokuhlola kumakhasimende omhlaba, ikakhulukazi lawo avela ezweni lase-China.
● Izinga eliphezulu lokudlula:I-MCM isivele isisize amakhasimende ukuthi athole izitifiketi ze-BSMI ezingaphezu kuka-1,000 kuze kube manje ngesikhathi esisodwa.
● Amasevisi ahlanganisiwe:I-MCM isiza amakhasimende ukuthi angene ngempumelelo ezimakethe eziningi emhlabeni jikelele ngokusebenzisa isevisi yenqwaba yesitophu esisodwa yenqubo elula.
E-America, uhulumeni wobumbano, wesifunda noma wesifunda unelungelo lokulahla nokuvuselela amabhethri e-lithium-ion. Kunemithetho emibili yombuso ehlobene nokugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion. Esokuqala siwuMthetho Wokulawulwa Kwebhethri Equkethe I-Mercury Neshajwa Kabusha. Kudinga izinkampani noma izitolo ezithengisa amabhethri e-lead-acid noma amabhethri e-nickel–metal hydride kufanele zamukele amabhethri alahlwayo futhi aphinde awasebenzise. Indlela yokugaya kabusha amabhethri e-lead-asidi izobonwa njengesifanekiso sesenzo sesikhathi esizayo sokugaya kabusha amabhethri e-lithium-ion. Umthetho wesibili yiResource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). Yakha uhlaka lwendlela yokulahla imfucuza eqinile engeyona ingozi noma eyingozi. Ikusasa lendlela yokuvuselela kabusha amabhethri e-Lithium-ion ingaba ngaphansi kokuphathwa kwalo mthetho.
I-EU yenze isiphakamiso esisha (Isiphakamiso SOKULAWULWA KWEPARLIAMENT YASE-EUROPE KANYE NOMKHANDLU mayelana namabhethri namabhethri alahlwayo, kuchithwa Umyalelo 2006/66/EC kanye nokuchibiyela Umthethonqubo (EU) No 2019/1020). Lesi siphakamiso sikhuluma ngezinto ezinobuthi, okuhlanganisa zonke izinhlobo zamabhethri, kanye nemfuneko yemikhawulo, imibiko, amalebula, izinga eliphakeme kakhulu le-carbon footprint, izinga eliphansi kakhulu le-cobalt, umthofu, nokugaywa kabusha kwe-nickel, ukusebenza, ukuqina, ukuphuma, ukushintshwa, ukuphepha. , isimo sezempilo, ukuqina kanye nokunakekelwa okufanele kwe-supply chain, njll. Ngokwalo mthetho, abakhiqizi kufanele banikeze ulwazi lokuqina kwamabhethri nezibalo zokusebenza, kanye nolwazi lomthombo wezinto zamabhethri. Ukukhuthala okufanele kwe-supply chain ukwazisa abasebenzisi bokugcina ukuthi yiziphi izinto zokusetshenziswa eziqukethwe, zivelaphi, kanye nomthelela wazo endaweni. Lokhu okokuqapha ukusetshenziswa kabusha nokugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri. Kodwa-ke, ukushicilela uchungechunge lokunikezela ngedizayini nemithombo yezinto ezibonakalayo kungase kube ukungasebenzi kubakhiqizi bamabhethri baseYurophu, ngakho-ke imithetho ayikhishwa ngokusemthethweni manje.
