Ukuhlolwa kokushisisa okweqile kwe-Ternary li-cell kanye neseli ye-LFP
Ukuhlolwa kokushisisa okweqile kwe-Ternary li-cell kanye ne-LFP cell,
Un38.3,
▍I-Compulsory Registration Scheme (CRS)
Kukhishwe i-Ministry of Electronics & Information TechnologyI-Electronics & Information Technology Izimpahla-Imfuneko Ye-oda Lokubhalisa Eliyimpoqo I- Yaziswa ngo-7thSeptember, 2012, futhi yaqala ukusebenza ngo-3rdOctober, 2013. Isidingo Sempahla Ye-Electronics Nolwazi Lobuchwepheshe Ukuze Ubhalise Okuyimpoqo, lokho ngokuvamile okubizwa ngokuthi isitifiketi se-BIS, empeleni kubizwa ngokuthi ukubhaliswa/nesitifiketi se-CRS. Yonke imikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi ekukhathalogi yomkhiqizo wokubhalisa okuyimpoqo ongeniswe e-India noma othengiswa emakethe yase-Indian kumele ibhaliswe ku-Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). NgoNovemba 2014, kwanezelwa izinhlobo eziyi-15 zemikhiqizo ebhalisiwe eyimpoqo. Izigaba ezintsha zifaka: omakhalekhukhwini, amabhethri, amabhange kagesi, izinto zikagesi, izibani ze-LED namatheminali okuthengisa, njll.
▍BIS Izinga Lokuhlola Ibhethri
Iseli/ibhethri yesistimu ye-nickel: IS 16046 (Ingxenye 1): 2018/ IEC62133-1: 2017
Iseli/ibhethri yesistimu ye-lithium: IS 16046 (Ingxenye 2): 2018/ IEC62133-2: 2017
Uhlamvu iseli/ibhethri ifakiwe ku-CRS.
▍Kungani i-MCM?
● Besigxile ekutholeni isitifiketi sase-India ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-5 futhi sisize iklayenti ukuthi lithole uhlamvu lwebhethri lokuqala lwe-BIS emhlabeni. Futhi sinolwazi olusebenzayo kanye nokuqoqwa kwezinsiza eziqinile emkhakheni wokunikeza izitifiketi ze-BIS.
● Ababeyizikhulu eziphezulu ze-Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) baqashwe njengabaxhumanisi bezitifiketi, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle kwamacala futhi kususwe ubungozi bokukhanselwa kwenombolo yokubhalisa.
● Sihlonyiswe ngamakhono aqinile abanzi okuxazulula izinkinga ekunikezeni isitifiketi, sihlanganisa izinsiza zomdabu e-India. I-MCM igcina ukuxhumana okuhle neziphathimandla ze-BIS ukuze inikeze amakhasimende ulwazi oluseqophelweni eliphezulu, lochwepheshe kanye nolwazi olugunyazwe kakhulu lwesitifiketi kanye nesevisi.
● Sisebenzela izinkampani eziholayo ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene futhi sizuza idumela elihle kulo mkhakha, okusenza sithembeke ngokujulile futhi sisekelwe amakhasimende.
Embonini yezimoto zamandla amasha, amabhethri e-lithium e-ternary kanye namabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate bekulokhu kugxilwe kungxoxo. Kokubili kunezinzuzo kanye nokubi. Ibhethri le-ternary lithium linomthamo omkhulu wamandla, ukusebenza kahle kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi, kanye nebanga lokuhamba ngomkhumbi, kodwa intengo iyabiza futhi ayizinzile. I-LFP ishibhile, izinzile, futhi inokusebenza okuhle okunezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Ububi ukusebenza kabi kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi kanye nokuminyana kwamandla aphansi.
Enqubweni yokuthuthukiswa kwamabhethri amabili, ngenxa yezinqubomgomo ezahlukene nezidingo zokuthuthukiswa, izinhlobo ezimbili zidlala ngokumelene nephezulu naphansi. Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zikhula kanjani, ukuphepha
ukusebenza kuyisici esibalulekile. Amabhethri e-lithium-ion ikakhulukazi akhiwe ngezinto ezingezinhle ze-electrode, i-electrolyte kanye nezinto ezibonakalayo ze-electrode. Umsebenzi wamakhemikhali we-graphite ye-electrode engalungile useduze nalowo we-metallic lithium esimweni esikhokhisiwe. Ifilimu ye-SEI engaphezulu ibola emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, futhi ama-ion e-lithium ashumekwe ku-graphite asabela nge-electro lyte kanye ne-binder polyvinylidene fluoride ukuze akhulule ukushisa okukhulu. Izixazululo ze-Alkyl carbonate eziphilayo zivame ukusetshenziswa njenge
ama-electrolyte, avuthayo. Izinto ze-electrode eziphozithivu ngokuvamile ziyi-transition metal oxide, enendawo eqinile ye-oxi dizing esimweni sokushajwa, futhi ibola kalula ukuze ikhulule umoya-mpilo ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu. I-oxygen ekhululiwe ibhekana nokusabela kwe-oxidation nge-electrolyte, bese ikhulula inani elikhulu lokushisa.
Ngakho-ke, ngokombono wezinto zokwakha, amabhethri e-lithium-ion anengozi eqinile, ikakhulukazi esimweni sokuhlukunyezwa, izinkinga zokuphepha zivelele kakhulu. Ukuze silingise futhi siqhathanise ukusebenza kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion amabili ahlukene ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa eziphezulu, senze ukuhlolwa kokushisisa okunezinyathelo ezilandelayo.
