Isimo Sokugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri e-Lithium-ion kanye Nenselelo Yayo,
Amabhethri e-Lithium Ion,

▍Siyini isitifiketi se-CE?

Umaki we-CE “ipasipoti” yemikhiqizo ezongena emakethe ye-EU kanye nemakethe yamazwe e-EU Free Trade Association. Noma yimiphi imikhiqizo eshiwo (ehileleke kumyalelo wendlela entsha), kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yenziwe ngaphandle kwe-EU noma emazweni angamalungu e-EU, ukuze isakazwe ngokukhululekile emakethe ye-EU, kufanele ihambisane nezidingo zomyalelo kanye nezindinganiso ezifanele ezivunyelanisiwe ngaphambi kokuba ibekwe emakethe ye-EU , futhi inamathisele uphawu lwe-CE. Lena imfuneko eyisibopho yomthetho we-EU emikhiqizweni ehlobene, ehlinzeka ngezinga elibumbene eliphansi lobuchwepheshe lohwebo lwemikhiqizo yamazwe ahlukahlukene emakethe yaseYurophu futhi yenza izinqubo zohwebo zibe lula.

▍ Yini i-CE directive?

Umyalelo uyidokhumenti yomthetho esungulwe yi-European Community Council kanye ne-European Commission ngaphansi kokugunyazwa kweIsivumelwano Somphakathi WaseYurophu. Iziqondiso ezisebenzayo zamabhethri yilezi:

2006/66 / EC & 2013/56 / EU: I-Battery Directive. Amabhethri athobelana nalesi siqondiso kufanele abe nekani likadoti;

2014/30 / EU: I-Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive (I-EMC Directive). Amabhethri athobela lo myalelo kumele abe nophawu lwe-CE;

2011/65 / EU: Isiqondiso se-ROHS. Amabhethri athobela lo myalelo kumele abe nophawu lwe-CE;

Amathiphu: Kuphela uma umkhiqizo uhambisana nazo zonke iziqondiso ze-CE (umaki we-CE udinga ukunamathiselwa), umaki we-CE unganamathiselwa lapho zonke izimfuneko zomyalelo zifinyelelwa.

▍ Isidingo Sokufaka Isicelo Sokuthola Isitifiketi Se-CE

Noma yimuphi umkhiqizo ovela emazweni ahlukene ofuna ukungena e-EU kanye ne-European Free Trade Zone kufanele ufake isicelo sokuqinisekiswa kwe-CE kanye nokumakwa kwe-CE emkhiqizweni. Ngakho-ke, isitifiketi se-CE siyipasipoti yemikhiqizo engena e-EU kanye ne-European Free Trade Zone.

▍ Izinzuzo zokufaka isicelo sesitifiketi se-CE

1. Imithetho ye-EU, imithethonqubo, kanye nezindinganiso zokuxhumanisa akukona nje kuphela ukuthi kukhulu ngobuningi, kodwa futhi kuyinkimbinkimbi ngokuqukethwe. Ngakho-ke, ukuthola isitifiketi se-CE kuyisinqumo esihlakaniphe kakhulu ukonga isikhathi nomzamo kanye nokunciphisa ubungozi;

2. Isitifiketi se-CE singasiza ekuzuzeni ukwethenjwa kwabathengi kanye nesikhungo sokuqondisa izimakethe ngokwezinga eliphezulu;

3. Kungavimbela ngempumelelo isimo sezinsolo zokungabi nasibopho;

4. Lapho kuqulwa icala, ukuqinisekiswa kwe-CE kuzoba ubufakazi obusemthethweni obusemthethweni;

5. Uma isijezisiwe amazwe e-EU, inhlangano yezitifiketi izobhekana ngokuhlanganyela ubungozi nebhizinisi, ngaleyo ndlela yehlise ubungozi bebhizinisi.

▍Kungani i-MCM?

● I-MCM inethimba lezobuchwepheshe elinochwepheshe abafika kwabangaphezu kuka-20 ababambe iqhaza emkhakheni wesitifiketi se-CE sebhethri, esihlinzeka amakhasimende ngolwazi olusheshayo nolunembe kakhudlwana nolwakamuva lwesitifiketi se-CE;

● I-MCM inikeza izixazululo ezihlukahlukene ze-CE ezihlanganisa i-LVD, i-EMC, iziqondiso zebhethri, njll. kumakhasimende;

● I-MCM ihlinzeke ngokuhlolwa kwe-CE kwamabhethri angaphezu kuka-4000 emhlabeni wonke kuze kube namuhla.

Ukushoda kwezinto ezibangelwa ukwanda okusheshayo kwe-EV ne-ESS
Ukulahlwa ngendlela engafanele kwamabhethri kungase kukhiphe insimbi enzima negesi enobuthi.
Ukuminyana kwe-lithium ne-cobalt kumabhethri kuphezulu kakhulu kunakumaminerali, okusho ukuthi amabhethri afanele ukugaywa kabusha. Ukugaywa kabusha kwezinto ze-anode kuzokonga ngaphezu kuka-20% wezindleko zebhethri.E-America, uhulumeni wobumbano, wesifunda noma wesifunda unelungelo lokulahla nokuwagaya kabusha amabhethri e-lithium-ion. Kunemithetho emibili yombuso ehlobene nokugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion. Esokuqala siwuMthetho Wokulawulwa Kwebhethri Equkethe I-Mercury Neshajwa Kabusha. Kudinga izinkampani noma izitolo ezithengisa amabhethri e-lead-acid noma amabhethri e-nickel–metal hydride kufanele zamukele amabhethri alahlwayo futhi aphinde awasebenzise. Indlela yokugaya kabusha amabhethri e-lead-asidi izobonwa njengesifanekiso sesenzo sesikhathi esizayo sokugaya kabusha amabhethri e-lithium-ion. Umthetho wesibili yiResource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). Yakha uhlaka lwendlela yokulahla imfucuza eqinile engeyona ingozi noma eyingozi. Ikusasa lendlela yokugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri e-Lithium-ion lingase libe ngaphansi kokuphathwa kwalo mthetho.I-EU yenze isiphakamiso esisha (Isihlongozo SOKULAWULWA KWEPARLIAMENT YASE-EUROPE KANYE NOMKHANDLU mayelana namabhethri namabhethri alahlwayo, isusa Umyalelo 2006/66/EC kanye ukuchibiyela Umthethonqubo (i-EU) Nombolo 2019/1020). Lesi siphakamiso sikhuluma ngezinto ezinobuthi, okuhlanganisa zonke izinhlobo zamabhethri, kanye nemfuneko yemikhawulo, imibiko, amalebula, izinga eliphakeme kakhulu le-carbon footprint, izinga eliphansi kakhulu le-cobalt, umthofu, nokugaywa kabusha kwe-nickel, ukusebenza, ukuqina, ukuphuma, ukushintshwa, ukuphepha. , isimo sezempilo, ukuqina kanye nokunakekelwa okufanele kwe-supply chain, njll. Ngokwalo mthetho, abakhiqizi kufanele banikeze ulwazi lokuqina kwamabhethri nezibalo zokusebenza, kanye nolwazi lomthombo wezinto zamabhethri. Ukukhuthala okufanele kwe-supply chain ukwazisa abasebenzisi bokugcina ukuthi yiziphi izinto zokusetshenziswa eziqukethwe, zivelaphi, kanye nomthelela wazo endaweni. Lokhu okokuqapha ukusetshenziswa kabusha nokugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri. Kodwa-ke, ukushicilela uchungechunge lokunikezela ngedizayini nemithombo yezinto ezibonakalayo kungase kube ukungasebenzi kubakhiqizi bamabhethri base-Europe, ngakho-ke imithetho ayikhishwa ngokusemthethweni manje.I-UK ayishicileli noma yimiphi imithetho ekugayweni kabusha kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion. Uhulumeni wayevame ukuphakamisa intela yokugaywa kabusha noma ukuqasha, noma ukukhokhela isibonelelo sesizathu. Nokho awukho umgomo osemthethweni ophumayo.