Imithetho Yemodeli Ye-UN Rev. 23 (2023),
ibe 156,

▍Siyini isitifiketi se-CE?

Umaki we-CE “ipasipoti” yemikhiqizo ezongena emakethe ye-EU kanye nemakethe yamazwe e-EU Free Trade Association. Noma yimiphi imikhiqizo eshiwo (ehileleke kumyalelo wendlela entsha), kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yenziwe ngaphandle kwe-EU noma emazweni angamalungu e-EU, ukuze isakazwe ngokukhululekile emakethe ye-EU, kufanele ihambisane nezidingo zomyalelo kanye nezindinganiso ezifanele ezivunyelanisiwe ngaphambi kokuba ibekwe emakethe ye-EU , futhi inamathisele uphawu lwe-CE. Lena imfuneko eyisibopho yomthetho we-EU emikhiqizweni ehlobene, ehlinzeka ngezinga elibumbene eliphansi lobuchwepheshe lohwebo lwemikhiqizo yamazwe ahlukahlukene emakethe yaseYurophu futhi yenza izinqubo zohwebo zibe lula.

▍ Yini i-CE directive?

Umyalelo uyidokhumenti yomthetho esungulwe yi-European Community Council kanye ne-European Commission ngaphansi kokugunyazwa kweIsivumelwano Somphakathi WaseYurophu. Iziqondiso ezisebenzayo zamabhethri yilezi:

2006/66 / EC & 2013/56 / EU: I-Battery Directive. Amabhethri athobelana nalesi siqondiso kufanele abe nekani likadoti;

2014/30 / EU: I-Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive (I-EMC Directive). Amabhethri athobela lo myalelo kumele abe nophawu lwe-CE;

2011/65 / EU: Isiqondiso se-ROHS. Amabhethri athobela lo myalelo kumele abe nophawu lwe-CE;

Amathiphu: Kuphela uma umkhiqizo uhambisana nazo zonke iziqondiso ze-CE (umaki we-CE udinga ukunamathiselwa), umaki we-CE unganamathiselwa lapho zonke izimfuneko zomyalelo zifinyelelwa.

▍ Isidingo Sokufaka Isicelo Sokuthola Isitifiketi Se-CE

Noma yimuphi umkhiqizo ovela emazweni ahlukene ofuna ukungena e-EU kanye ne-European Free Trade Zone kufanele ufake isicelo sokuqinisekiswa kwe-CE kanye nokumakwa kwe-CE emkhiqizweni. Ngakho-ke, isitifiketi se-CE siyipasipoti yemikhiqizo engena e-EU kanye ne-European Free Trade Zone.

▍ Izinzuzo zokufaka isicelo sesitifiketi se-CE

1. Imithetho ye-EU, imithethonqubo, kanye nezindinganiso zokuxhumanisa akukona nje kuphela ukuthi kukhulu ngobuningi, kodwa futhi kuyinkimbinkimbi ngokuqukethwe. Ngakho-ke, ukuthola isitifiketi se-CE kuyisinqumo esihlakaniphe kakhulu ukonga isikhathi nomzamo kanye nokunciphisa ubungozi;

2. Isitifiketi se-CE singasiza ekuzuzeni ukwethenjwa kwabathengi kanye nesikhungo sokuqondisa izimakethe ngokwezinga eliphezulu;

3. Kungavimbela ngempumelelo isimo sezinsolo zokungabi nasibopho;

4. Lapho kuqulwa icala, ukuqinisekiswa kwe-CE kuzoba ubufakazi obusemthethweni obusemthethweni;

5. Uma isijezisiwe amazwe e-EU, inhlangano yezitifiketi izobhekana ngokuhlanganyela ubungozi nebhizinisi, ngaleyo ndlela yehlise ubungozi bebhizinisi.

▍Kungani i-MCM?

● I-MCM inethimba lezobuchwepheshe elinochwepheshe abafika kwabangaphezu kuka-20 ababambe iqhaza emkhakheni wesitifiketi se-CE sebhethri, esihlinzeka amakhasimende ngolwazi olusheshayo nolunembe kakhudlwana nolwakamuva lwesitifiketi se-CE;

● I-MCM inikeza izixazululo ezihlukahlukene ze-CE ezihlanganisa i-LVD, i-EMC, iziqondiso zebhethri, njll. kumakhasimende;

● I-MCM ihlinzeke ngokuhlolwa kwe-CE kwamabhethri angaphezu kuka-4000 emhlabeni wonke kuze kube namuhla.

I-UNECE (Ikhomishana Yezomnotho Yezizwe Ezihlangene YaseYurophu) ku-TDG (Ezokuthutha Ngempahla Eyingozi) ishicilele inguqulo ebuyekeziwe yama-23 yeMithethonqubo Yezibonelo Yezincomo Zokuthutha Ngempahla Eyingozi. Inguqulo entsha ebuyekeziwe Yemithethonqubo Yemodeli ikhishwa njalo eminyakeni emibili. Uma kuqhathaniswa nenguqulo 22, ibhethri linezinguquko ezilandelayo:
3551 AMABHETRI ESODIUM ION ane-organic electrolyte
3552 AMABHATHIRI ESODIUM ION AQUKETHWE KU-EOUIPMENT Noma I-SODIUM ION AMABHETRI APHAKWE NGE-EOUIPMENT, ane-organic electrolyte
3556 IMOTO, I-LITHIUM ION IBHATHA IYAMANDLA
3557 IMOTO, I-LITHIUM METAL BATTERY INAMANDLA
3558 IMOTO, I-SODIUM ION IBHATHA IYAMANDLA
Amaseli namabhethri, amaseli namabhethri aqukethwe okokusebenza, noma amaseli namabhethri apakishwe amathuluzi aqukethe i-sodium ion, okuwuhlelo lwe-electrochemical olushajwa kabusha lapho i-electrode ephozithivu noma eyinegethivu kuyinhlanganisela yokuhlanganisa noma yokufaka, eyakhelwe ngaphandle kwe-metallic sodium (noma ingxubevange ye-sodium). ) kunoma iyiphi i-electrode kanye nenhlanganisela yemvelo engeyona amanzi njenge-electrolyte, izokwabelwa ku-UN No. 3551 noma 3552 ngokufanelekile.
Qaphela: I-sodium ehlanganisiwe ikhona ngendlela ye-ionic noma i-quasi-atomic ku-lattice yezinto ze-electrode.
Angase athuthwe ngaphansi kwalokhu okufakiwe uma ehlangabezana nalezi zinhlinzeko ezilandelayo:
a) Iseli ngalinye noma ibhethri liwuhlobo olufakazelwe ukuthi luhlangabezana nezimfuneko zokuhlolwa okusebenzayo kweManuwali Yokuhlolwa Nemibandela, ingxenye yokugula, isigatshana sama-38.3.
b) Iseli nebhethri ngalinye kuhlanganisa umshini wokuphepha wokukhipha umoya noma iklanyelwe ukuvimbela ukugqashuka okunodlame ngaphansi kwezimo ngokuvamile okuhlangatshezwana nazo ngesikhathi sokuthutha;
c) Iseli nebhethri ngalinye kufakwe indlela ephumelelayo yokuvimbela ama-short circuit angaphandle;
d) Ibhethri ngalinye eliqukethe amaseli noma uchungechunge lwamaseli axhunywe ngokuhambisana lifakwe izindlela ezisebenzayo njengoba kudingekile ukuvimbela ukugeleza kwamanje okubuyela emuva okuyingozi (isb., ama-diode, ama-fuse, njll.);
e) Amaseli namabhethri azokhiqizwa ngaphansi kohlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi njengoba kunqunyiwe ngaphansi kuka-2.9.4 (e) (i) kuya ku-(ix);
f) Abakhiqizi nabalandelayo abasabalalisi bamaseli noma amabhethri bayokwenza kutholakale isifinyezo sokuhlola njengoba sishiwo kuManuwali Yokuhlola Nemibandela, ingxenye Ill, isigatshana 38.3, isigaba 38.3.5.