Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwamabhethri e-Lithium —Amaphuzu AbalulekileweCustoms Regulations,
Amaphuzu Abalulekile,

▍Iyini I-CTIA CERTIFICATION?

I-CTIA, isifinyezo se-Cellular Telecommunications and Internet Association, yinhlangano yomphakathi engenzi nzuzo eyasungulwa ngo-1984 ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa ukuhlomula kwabaqhubi, abakhiqizi nabasebenzisi. I-CTIA iqukethe bonke opharetha base-US nabakhiqizi abavela kumasevisi omsakazo weselula, kanye namasevisi edatha angenantambo nemikhiqizo. Isekelwe yi-FCC (Federal Communications Commission) kanye neCongress, i-CTIA yenza ingxenye enkulu yemisebenzi nemisebenzi eyayisetshenziselwa ukwenziwa uhulumeni. Ngo-1991, i-CTIA yakha uhlelo lokuhlola lomkhiqizo olungachemile, oluzimele nolwendawo eyodwa kanye nesitifiketi somkhakha ongenazintambo. Ngaphansi kwesistimu, yonke imikhiqizo engenantambo esebangeni labathengi izothatha izivivinyo zokuthobela imithetho futhi leyo ethobelana namazinga afanele izovunyelwa ukusebenzisa ukumaka kwe-CTIA nokushayisana kwamashalofu ezitolo emakethe yezokuxhumana yaseNyakatho Melika.

I-CATL (CTIA Authorized Testing Laboratory) imele amalebhu agunyazwe yi-CTIA ukuze ahlolwe futhi abuyekezwe. Imibiko yokuhlola ekhishwe ku-CATL izogunyazwa yonke yi-CTIA. Nakuba eminye imibiko yokuhlola kanye nemiphumela evela ku-non-CATL ngeke ibonwe noma ingakwazi ukufinyelela ku-CTIA. I-CATL egunyazwe yi-CTIA iyahlukahluka ezimbonini nasekutholeni izitifiketi. I-CATL kuphela efanelekela ukuhlolwa nokuhlolwa kokuthobela ibhethri ekwazi ukufinyelela esitifiketini sebhethri ukuze ihambisane ne-IEEE1725.

▍CTIA Amazinga Wokuhlola Ibhethri

a) Isidingo Sokuthola Isitifiketi Sohlelo Lwebhethri Ukuthobela IEEE1725— Kusebenza Ezinhlelweni Zebhethri ezineseli elilodwa noma amaseli amaningi axhunywe ngokuhambisana;

b) Isidingo Sokuthola Isitifiketi Sohlelo Lwebhethri Ukuthobelana ne-IEEE1625— Kusebenza Ezinhlelweni Zebhethri ezinamaseli amaningi axhunywe ngokuhambisana noma kokubili ngokuhambisana nochungechunge;

Amathiphu afudumele: Khetha ngenhla kwamazinga wesitifiketi ngokufanelekile kumabhethri asetshenziswa omakhalekhukhwini namakhompyutha. Ungasebenzisi kabi i-IEE1725 kumabhethri kumakhalekhukhwini noma i-IEEE1625 kumabhethri akukhompyutha.

▍Kungani i-MCM?

●Ubuchwepheshe obuqinile:Kusukela ngo-2014, i-MCM ibihambela inkomfa yamaphakethe webhethri ebanjwa yi-CTIA e-US minyaka yonke, futhi iyakwazi ukuthola isibuyekezo sakamuva futhi iqonde amathrendi enqubomgomo emisha mayelana ne-CTIA ngendlela esheshayo, enembayo nesebenzayo.

●Ukufaneleka:I-MCM iyi-CATL egunyazwe yi-CTIA futhi ifaneleka ukwenza zonke izinqubo ezihlobene nesitifiketi okuhlanganisa ukuhlola, ukuhlola kwasefekthri nokulayisha umbiko.

Ingabe amabhethri e-lithium ahlukaniswa njengempahla eyingozi?
Yebo, amabhethri e-lithium ahlukaniswa njengezimpahla eziyingozi.
Ngokuvumelana nemithetho yamazwe ngamazwe efana Nezincomo Zokuthutha Ngempahla Eyingozi (TDG), Ikhodi Yempahla Eyingozi Yasolwandle Yamazwe Ngamazwe (Ikhodi Ye-IMDG), kanye Nemiyalo Yezobuchwepheshe Yokuthutha Okuphephile Kwezimpahla Eziyingozi Ngomoya eshicilelwe yi-International Civil Aviation Organisation ( ICAO), amabhethri e-lithium awela ngaphansi kweSigaba 9: Ingxubevange yezinto eziyingozi nama-athikili, okuhlanganisa izinto eziyingozi kwemvelo.
Kunezigaba ezi-3 ezinkulu zamabhethri e-lithium anezinombolo ezi-5 ze-UN ezihlukaniswa ngokusekelwe ezimisweni zokusebenza nezindlela zokuhamba:
 Amabhethri e-lithium azimele: Angaphinde ahlukaniswe abe amabhethri ensimbi ye-lithium kanye namabhethri e-lithium-ion, ahambisana nezinombolo ze-UN UN3090 kanye ne-UN3480, ngokulandelana.
 Amabhethri e-Lithium afakwe kumishini: Ngokufanayo, ahlukaniswa ngamabhethri ensimbi ye-lithium namabhethri e-lithium-ion, ahambisana nezinombolo ze-UN UN3091 kanye ne-UN3481, ngokulandelana.
 Izimoto ezisebenza ngebhethri ye-lithium noma izinto ezizihambelayo: Izibonelo zifaka izimoto zikagesi, amabhayisikili kagesi, izikuta zikagesi, izihlalo zabakhubazekile zikagesi, njll., ezihambisana nenombolo ye-UN3171.
Ingabe amabhethri e-lithium adinga ukupakishwa kwempahla eyingozi?
Ngokwemithetho ye-TDG, amabhethri e-lithium adinga ukupakishwa kwempahla eyingozi ahlanganisa:
 Amabhethri ensimbi ye-lithium noma amabhethri e-lithium alloy anokuqukethwe kwe-lithium okukhulu kuno-1g.
 Amaphakethe ebhethri ensimbi ye-lithium noma i-lithium alloy anengqikithi yokuqukethwe kwe-lithium engaphezu kuka-2g.
 Amabhethri e-lithium-ion anamandla alinganiselwe angaphezu kuka-20 Wh, namaphakethe ebhethri e-lithium-ion anamandla alinganiselwe angaphezu kuka-100 Wh.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi amabhethri e-lithium akhululiwe ekufakweni kwempahla eyingozi asadinga ukukhombisa isilinganiso sehora le-watt emaphaketheni angaphandle. Ukwengeza, kufanele babonise izimpawu zebhethri le-lithium ezithobelayo, ezihlanganisa umngcele odeshi obomvu kanye nophawu olumnyama olubonisa ingozi yomlilo yamaphakethe namaseli ebhethri.
Yiziphi izidingo zokuhlola ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa kwamabhethri e-lithium?
Ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa kwamabhethri e-lithium anezinombolo ze-UN UN3480, UN3481, UN3090, kanye ne-UN3091, kufanele ahlole uchungechunge lwezivivinyo ngokweSigatshana sama-38.3 seNgxenye III Yezincomo ZeNhlangano Yezizwe Zokuthutha Ngempahla Eyingozi – Incwadi Yokuhlola Nemibandela . Ukuhlola kufaka phakathi: ukulingiswa kokuphakama, ukuhlolwa kokuhamba ngebhayisikili okushisayo (amazinga okushisa aphezulu naphansi), ukudlidliza, ukushaqeka, ukujikeleza okufushane kwangaphandle kokuthi 55 ℃, umthelela, ukuchoboza, ukushajwa ngokweqile, nokukhipha ngempoqo. Lezi zivivinyo zenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthuthwa okuphephile kwamabhethri e-lithium.