Ingemuva

Ngomhla ziyi-16 kuJuni 2023, iPhalamende LaseYurophu kanye noMkhandlu WaseYurophu bagunyaze imithetho ebizwa ngokuthi i-Ecodesign Regulation ukuze isize abathengi benze izinqumo ezinolwazi nezisimeme lapho bethenga.iselulakanye namafoni angenazintambo, namaphilisi, okuyizinyathelo zokwenza lezi zisetshenziswa zonge amandla kakhudlwana, ziqine futhi zilungiswe kalula.Lo mthethonqubo ulandela isiphakamiso seKhomishini ngoNovemba 2022, ngaphansi kwe-EU Ecodesign Regulation.(bona ukukhishwa kwethu 31 “ Imakethe ye-EU ihlela ukwengeza izidingo zomjikelezo wempilo yebhethri elisetshenziswa kumakhalekhukhwini“) , ehlose ukwenza i-EU's umnotho usimeme kakhudlwana, yonga amandla engeziwe, yehlisa i-carbon footprint kanye nokweseka ibhizinisi eliyindilinga.

I-Ecodesign Regulation ibeka izidingo ezincane zamaselula namathebulethi angenazintambo emakethe ye-EU.Kudinga ukuthi:

• Imikhiqizo ingamelana nokuwa kwephutha noma ukuklwebheka, uthuli olufakazela ukuthi lukhona namanzi, futhi ihlala isikhathi eside ngokwanele.Amabhethri kufanele agcine okungenani u-80% womthamo wawo wokuqala ngemva kokumelana okungenani nemijikelezo engu-800 yokushaja nokukhipha.
• Kufanele kube nemithetho yokuhlakaza nokulungisa.Abakhiqizi kufanele benze izingxenye eziyisipele ezibalulekile zitholakale kubakhandi phakathi nezinsuku zokusebenza ezingama-5-10.Lokhu kufanele kugcinwe kuze kube iminyaka engu-7 ngemva kokuphela kokuthengiswa kwemodeli yomkhiqizo emakethe ye-EU.
• Ukutholakala kokuthuthukiswa kwesistimu yokusebenza isikhathi eside: okungenani iminyaka emi-5 ngemuva kokubekwa komkhiqizo emakethe.
• lUkufinyelela okungabandlululi kwabalungisi abangochwepheshe kunoma iyiphi isofthiwe noma i-firmware edingekayo ukuze kushintshwe.

I-Ecodesign kanye Nomthetho Omusha Webhethri

Esethulweni soMthetho omusha Webhethri, iveza ukuthi “kumabhethri asetshenziswa komakhalekhukhwini namathebulethi, izimfuneko zokusebenza nokuhlala isikhathi eside kwalawa mabhethri kufanele zibekwe ngemithetho yesikhathi esizayo ye-ecodesign yamaselula namathebulethi.”Okwamanje, ubuncane obulawulwayo bokusebenza kwe-electrochemical namapharamitha okuqina wamabhethri aphathekayo awakachazwa okwamanje, futhi izonqunywa izinyanga ezingu-48 ngemva kokusetshenziswa koMthetho Omusha Webhethri.Ekunqumeni lawa magugu ayisibopho, iKhomishana izokwenzathembelangezidingo zemithethonqubo ye-ecodesign.

Izidingo ze-Ecodesign (Ibhethri)

Kumabhethri asetshenziswa kumakhalekhukhwini namathebulethi, kunezidingo ezilandelayo kulo mthethonqubo:

Impilo Yomjikelezo Webhethri: Umkhiqizi, ongenisa impahla ngaphandle, noma ummeleli ogunyaziwe uzoqinisekisa ukuthi idivayisi imelana okungenani nemijikelezo yokushaja engama-800 futhi ikhishwa futhi isagcine okungenani u-80% womthamo wokuqala.Uma ihlolwa ngaphansi kwezimo zokushaja, amandla okushaja anqunyelwe uhlelo lokuphatha ibhethri, hhayi umthamo wokuphakelwa kwamandla.(Ireferensi: I-IEC EN 61960-3:2017)

Uhlelo Lokuphatha Ibhethri: Idatha elandelayo yesistimu yokuphatha ibhethri kufanele irekhodwe kuzilungiselelo zesistimu noma ezinye izindawo ezifinyeleleka kumsebenzisi wokugcina:

1. Usuku lokukhiqiza;
2. Idethi lapho umsebenzisi wokuqala eqala ukusebenzisa ibhethri ngemva kokuyimisa;
3. Inani lemijikelezo yokushaja/yokukhipha (bheka umthamo olinganiselwe);
4. Isimo sezempilo (esisele umthamo ogcwele ngokugcwele uma uqhathaniswa nomthamo olinganiselwe, iyunithi ingu-%).

Ukuphathwa kwebhethri kufanele kube nomsebenzi ongawukhetha wokushaja, laphoukuqedwa kokushaja okuzenzakalelayoeintandovula uma ibhethri ishajwe ku-80% SOC.

1. Uma lo msebenzi uvuliwe, umkhiqizi, ongenisa kwamanye amazwe noma omele ogunyaziwe angavumela idivayisi ukuthi ishaje ngokugcwele ibhethri ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze igcine isilinganiso esinembile sebhethri ye-SOC.Abasebenzisi bangakhetha lesi sici uma beqala ukushaja idivayisi noma baziswe ngokuzenzakalela phakathi nokufaka, bese sizoshaja ibhethri ngezikhathi ezithile libe ngu-80% womthamo ogcwele ukuze kunwetshwe impilo yebhethri.
2. Umkhiqizi, ongenisa impahla ngaphandle noma omele ogunyaziwe uzohlinzeka ngezici zokuphatha amandla, ngokuzenzakalelayo, eziqinisekisa ukuthi awekho amanye amandla ashintshayo anikezwa ibhethri ngemva kokuba ibhethri selishajwe ngokugcwele, ngaphandle uma lingaphansi kuka-95% womthamo wokushaja omkhulu.

Ingabe amabhethri kufanele akhiphe?

Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuhlakaza ibhethri nokushintshwa:

Ukumiselela okuvamile (kuyakhipheka)

• Izinto zokubopha kufanele ziphinde zinikezwe noma zisetshenziswe kabusha;
• Inqubo yokushintsha izoba nokwenzeka ezimeni ezilandelayo: ngaphandle kwamathuluzi, nesethi eyodwa noma eyodwa yamathuluzi ahlanganiswe nemikhiqizo noma izingxenye, ngamathuluzi ayisisekelo.
• Inqubo yokufaka esikhundleni ingenziwa endaweni yokusetshenziswa;
• Inqubo yokufaka esikhundleni kufanele ikwazi ukwenziwa yizimfundamakhwela.

Ukunakekelwa kochwepheshe (akususeki)

• Inqubo yokushintsha ibhethri kufanele ihambisane nezindinganiso ezishiwo.Umkhiqizi, ongenisa impahla ngaphandle noma ummeleli ogunyaziwe uyokwenza izingxenye ezisele zebhethri zitholakale kuyeabalungisi,okuhlanganisa izinto zokubopha ezidingekayo (uma zingaphinde zisetshenziswe), futhi kuze kube okungenani iminyaka engu-7 ngemva kokuphela kosuku lokufakwa emakethe;
• Ngemva kwemijikelezo engu-500 yokushajwa okugcwele, ibhethri kufanele libe sesimweni sokushajwa ngokugcwele nomthamo osele okungenani ongu-83% womthamo olinganiselwe;
• Ibhethri kufanele libe nempilo yomjikelezo okungenani imijikelezo egcwele engu-1,000, futhi ngemva kwemijikelezo engu-1,000 egcwele, ibhethri kufanele libe sesimweni sokushajwa ngokugcwele okungenani kusele u-80% wamandla alinganisiwe;
• Izinto ezisetshenziswayo kufanele zingangenwa uthuli, futhi zikwazi ukucwiliswa emanzini ajulile ayimitha elilodwa okungenani imizuzu engama-30 (IP67).

Isifinyezo

I-Ecodesign Regulation entsha izoba nesikhathi soshintsho esiyizinyanga ezingama-21.Azikho izinguquko ezinkulu uma kuqhathaniswa nenguqulo yokusalungiswa yangaphambilini, futhi kukhona ukukhululwa ezimfuneko zamabhethri akhiphekayo omakhalekhukhwini namathebulethi angena e-EU.Lokhu kudinga ukuthi izingxenye ezisele namathuluzi kufanele kuhlinzekwe kubasebenzi abashintsha ibhethri abaqeqeshiwe, futhi ibhethri kufanele lihlangabezane nokusebenza okucacisiwe.